Change Agents Corporation. (CHGA)
Market price: $1.50
1 valuation method
- EV / Revenue: $0.00 to $3.70 (midpoint $1.21)
How each method works
EV / Revenue: $0.00 to $3.70 (midpoint $1.21)
Values the whole business at a peer multiple of sales — used when earnings are thin, volatile, or not yet meaningful, so revenue is the most reliable yardstick.
- How it’s calculated
- We multiply the company's last-twelve-month revenue by the range of EV/Revenue multiples its peer group trades at, subtract net debt and any minority interests or preferred stock ranking ahead of common shareholders, and divide by shares outstanding for a per-share range.
- Why it fits this industry
- Software companies routinely reinvest every dollar into growth while margins mature, so recurring revenue is the sector's core yardstick of scale and value.
- Reading this bar
- The bar is the per-share value range this method implies: a conservative low, a central estimate, and an optimistic high. If the current price sits below the bar, the market is pricing the shares below what this method's inputs suggest; if it sits above, the market is pricing them higher. No single bar is a verdict — methods disagree for good reasons, so read the whole field together. A pound of revenue is worth more at a high margin than a low one, so the peer group here is narrowed to companies earning a similar margin wherever enough of them exist. Where too few do, the bar falls back to the wider group and is the bluntest of the multiples — weigh it alongside the earnings-based bars.
EV / Revenue = (3.34/4.81/6.58)× revenue 1,396,074 ≈ 4,664,337.63/6,708,521.76/9,192,900.30 (enterprise_value); enterprise_value -> per share: equity (0/1,210,724.76/3,695,103.30) / 997,340.15 shares [EV bridge: minus net debt 5,497,797]
5 methods not shown
- EV / EBITDA: EBITDA is non-positive — an EBITDA multiple yields no meaningful enterprise value (loss-making at the EBITDA line)
- EV / Gross Profit: gross_profit unavailable — cannot form EV / Gross Profit
- P / E: diluted EPS is non-positive — P/E is not meaningful for a loss-making period
- P / B: the market prices this company far outside its sector's P / B range (its own multiple is 0.15 vs a sector band of 5.95–11.05) — a sector-average bar would be misleading here, so it is withheld
- DCF (FCFF): DCF input(s) unavailable (capex) — cannot build FCFF
Limited data — fewer than three valuation methods could be formed for this company; showing every method we can stand behind.